Electronic device

ABSTRACT

To adjust the size or brightness of augmented reality information provided through an electronic device, the present disclosure provides an electronic device comprising an optical driving assembly including an image source panel for emitting image light, an optical element wherein the emitted image light is incident and totally reflected, a plurality of pin mirrors distributed in a region of the optical element and for deepening a depth of the image light reached, and a variable lens member provided at one point of an optical path before reaching the plurality of pin mirrors to vary a region where the image light reaches among the region where the plurality of pin mirrors are provided.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. § 119(a), this application claims the benefit ofearlier filing date and right of priority to Korean Patent ApplicationNo. 10-2019-0112967, filed on Sep. 11, 2019, the contents of which arehereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention

The present disclosure relates to an electronic device and, moreparticularly, to an electronic device used for Virtual Reality (VR),Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR).

Related Art

Virtual reality (VR) refers to a special environment or situationgenerated by man-made technology using computer and other devices, whichis similar but not exactly equal to the real world.

Augmented reality (AR) refers to the technology that makes a virtualobject or information interwoven with the real world, making the virtualobject or information perceived as if exists in reality.

Mixed reality (MR) or hybrid reality refers to combining of the realworld with virtual objects or information, generating a new environmentor new information. In particular, mixed reality refers to theexperience that physical and virtual objects interact with each other inreal time.

The virtual environment or situation in a sense of mixed realitystimulates the five senses of a user, allows the user to have aspatio-temporal experience similar to the one perceived from the realworld, and thereby allows the user to freely cross the boundary betweenreality and imagination. Also, the user may not only get immersed insuch an environment but also interact with objects implemented in theenvironment by manipulating or giving a command to the objects throughan actual device.

Recently, research into the gear specialized in the technical fieldabove is being actively conducted.

Such an electronic device is implemented through an optical drivingassembly and a display. The optical driving assembly forms and providesimage light corresponding to the content, and the display receives theimage light thus formed and outputs the image light so that the user cansee it.

The display is optically transparent to allow the user to visuallyrecognize not only the output of the content corresponding to the imagelight of the optical driving assembly but also the real world locatedbeyond the display.

At this time, the user may want information by varying the strengths ofthe augmented reality information and the real world information. Forexample, it may be desirable to check the content information in asmaller size relative to the image of the real world, or conversely, itmay be desirable to check the content information in a large size asmain information.

In addition, it may be needed to adjust the brightness of the contentinformation. For example, it is preferable that the content informationis also brightly provided when there is a lot of ambient light outdoors,while the content information is also provided relatively less brightlywhen there is a relatively low amount of ambient light indoors.

However, the electronic device of the related art has a problem thatsuch a selective output adjustment is not easy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure provides an electronic device used for VirtualReality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR).

The present disclosure is to solve the problem that it is not possibleto selectively adjust the size or brightness of the augmented realityinformation in the electronic device that provides the real world andaugmented reality information as described above.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure to achieve the above oranother object, an electronic device comprising an optical drivingassembly including an image source panel for emitting image light, anoptical element in which the emitted image light is incident and totallyreflected, a plurality of pin mirrors distributed in a region of theoptical element and configured to extend a depth of field and a variablelens member provided at one point of an optical path before reaching theplurality of pin mirrors to vary a region where the image light reachesamong the region where the plurality of pin mirrors are provided isprovided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the variable lens member includes a pluralityof lens members and a lens moving assembly configured to move theplurality of lens members such that each lens member of the plurality oflens members is selectively positioned at a first point on an opticalpath reaching the plurality of pin mirrors from the image source panelis provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device further comprising a lens case configured to mount theplurality of lens members, wherein the lens moving assembly includes arail formed in the lens case and a guider fixed to the optical elementto form a path along which the rail moves is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the guider is provided in a straight directionparallel to one surface of the optical element is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device further comprising a panel case configured to mountthe image source panel and a panel distance adjusting assemblyconfigured to move such that the optical path length from the panel caseto the plurality of pin mirrors becomes different according to amovement of the lens case is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the panel distance adjusting assembly includesa slit provided in the lens case to form an inclination with respect toa direction of the guider, a protuberance provided on the panel case andfastened to be movable on the slit and a support member configured toprevent the panel case from moving in a direction of the movement of thelens case when the lens case moves is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the lens moving assembly further includes anactuator configured to move the plurality of lens members by rotation ofa motor or solenoid drive is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device further comprising an illuminance sensor configured tomeasuring ambient illuminance and a controller configured to control theactuator such that the variable lens member is adjusted to narrow theregion where the image light reaches if the ambient illuminance measuredby the illuminance sensor is high, and the variable lens member isadjusted to widen the region where the image light reaches if theambient illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor is low isprovided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device further comprising a plurality of lens membersselectively positioned on a first point on a light path between theoptical element and the optical driving assembly, wherein the pluralityof lens members are composed of any one of a refractive lens and adiffraction element is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the variable lens member is a tunable lensincluding a liquid lens or an electro wetting lens having a variablerefractive index is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the plurality of pin mirrors form a gridpattern, and intersecting band regions among the grid pattern form areflective region is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the plurality of pin mirrors form a gridpattern, and regions inside the grid among the grid pattern form areflective region is provided.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, theelectronic device wherein the region where the plurality of pin mirrorsare provided and a maximum region where the image light reaches by thevariable lens member coincide with each other is provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an AI device.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of an eXtendedReality (XR) electronic device according to one embodiment of thepresent disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a VR electronic device according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates a situation in which the VR electronic device of FIG.3 is used.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an AR electronic device according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a optical driving assemblyaccording to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIGS. 7 a-b, 8 a-f, 9 a-d, 10 a-d, 11 a-c , 12 and 13 illustrate variousdisplay methods applicable to a display according to one embodiment ofthe present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a side conceptual view of an electronic device associatedwith the present disclosure, and FIGS. 15 a-b illustrate frontconceptual views of two states of the electronic device associated withthe present disclosure.

FIG. 16 is a side conceptual view of another embodiment of an electronicdevice associated with the present disclosure.

FIGS. 17 and 18 relate to two embodiments in which a part of the opticalelement of the present disclosure is viewed from the front.

FIG. 19 illustrates a state before coupling some components of anelectronic device associated with the present disclosure.

FIGS. 20 a-b illustrate a state after coupling some components of anelectronic device associated with the present disclosure.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

In what follows, embodiments disclosed in this document will bedescribed in detail with reference to appended drawings, where the sameor similar constituent elements are given the same reference numberirrespective of their drawing symbols, and repeated descriptions thereofwill be omitted.

In describing an embodiment disclosed in the present specification, if aconstituting element is said to be “connected” or “attached” to otherconstituting element, it should be understood that the former may beconnected or attached directly to the other constituting element, butthere may be a case in which another constituting element is presentbetween the two constituting elements.

Also, in describing an embodiment disclosed in the present document, ifit is determined that a detailed description of a related artincorporated herein unnecessarily obscure the gist of the embodiment,the detailed description thereof will be omitted. Also, it should beunderstood that the appended drawings are intended only to helpunderstand embodiments disclosed in the present document and do notlimit the technical principles and scope of the present disclosure;rather, it should be understood that the appended drawings include allof the modifications, equivalents or substitutes described by thetechnical principles and belonging to the technical scope of the presentdisclosure.

[5G Scenario]

The three main requirement areas in the 5G system are (1) enhancedMobile Broadband (eMBB) area, (2) massive Machine Type Communication(mMTC) area, and (3) Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication(URLLC) area.

Some use case may require a plurality of areas for optimization, butother use case may focus only one Key Performance Indicator (KPI). The5G system supports various use cases in a flexible and reliable manner.

eMBB far surpasses the basic mobile Internet access, supports variousinteractive works, and covers media and entertainment applications inthe cloud computing or augmented reality environment. Data is one ofcore driving elements of the 5G system, which is so abundant that forthe first time, the voice-only service may be disappeared. In the 5G,voice is expected to be handled simply by an application program using adata connection provided by the communication system. Primary causes ofincreased volume of traffic are increase of content size and increase ofthe number of applications requiring a high data transfer rate.Streaming service (audio and video), interactive video, and mobileInternet connection will be more heavily used as more and more devicesare connected to the Internet. These application programs requirealways-on connectivity to push real-time information and notificationsto the user. Cloud-based storage and applications are growing rapidly inthe mobile communication platforms, which may be applied to both ofbusiness and entertainment uses. And the cloud-based storage is aspecial use case that drives growth of uplink data transfer rate. The 5Gis also used for cloud-based remote works and requires a much shorterend-to-end latency to ensure excellent user experience when a tactileinterface is used. Entertainment, for example, cloud-based game andvideo streaming, is another core element that strengthens therequirement for mobile broadband capability. Entertainment is essentialfor smartphones and tablets in any place including a high mobilityenvironment such as a train, car, and plane. Another use case isaugmented reality for entertainment and information search. Here,augmented reality requires very low latency and instantaneous datatransfer.

Also, one of highly expected 5G use cases is the function that connectsembedded sensors seamlessly in every possible area, namely the use casebased on mMTC. Up to 2020, the number of potential IoT devices isexpected to reach 20.4 billion. Industrial IoT is one of key areas wherethe 5G performs a primary role to maintain infrastructure for smartcity, asset tracking, smart utility, agriculture and security.

URLLC includes new services which may transform industry throughultra-reliable/ultra-low latency links, such as remote control of majorinfrastructure and self-driving cars. The level of reliability andlatency are essential for smart grid control, industry automation,robotics, and drone control and coordination.

Next, a plurality of use cases will be described in more detail.

The 5G may complement Fiber-To-The-Home (FTTH) and cable-based broadband(or DOCSIS) as a means to provide a stream estimated to occupy hundredsof megabits per second up to gigabits per second. This fast speed isrequired not only for virtual reality and augmented reality but also fortransferring video with a resolution more than 4K (6K, 8K or more). VRand AR applications almost always include immersive sports games.Specific application programs may require a special networkconfiguration. For example, in the case of VR game, to minimize latency,game service providers may have to integrate a core server with the edgenetwork service of the network operator.

Automobiles are expected to be a new important driving force for the 5Gsystem together with various use cases of mobile communication forvehicles. For example, entertainment for passengers requires highcapacity and high mobile broadband at the same time. This is so becauseusers continue to expect a high-quality connection irrespective of theirlocation and moving speed. Another use case in the automotive field isan augmented reality dashboard. The augmented reality dashboard overlaysinformation, which is a perception result of an object in the dark andcontains distance to the object and object motion, on what is seenthrough the front window. In a future, a wireless module enablescommunication among vehicles, information exchange between a vehicle andsupporting infrastructure, and information exchange among a vehicle andother connected devices (for example, devices carried by a pedestrian).A safety system guides alternative courses of driving so that a drivermay drive his or her vehicle more safely and to reduce the risk ofaccident. The next step will be a remotely driven or self-drivenvehicle. This step requires highly reliable and highly fastcommunication between different self-driving vehicles and between aself-driving vehicle and infrastructure. In the future, it is expectedthat a self-driving vehicle takes care of all of the driving activitieswhile a human driver focuses on dealing with an abnormal drivingsituation that the self-driving vehicle is unable to recognize.Technical requirements of a self-driving vehicle demand ultra-lowlatency and ultra-fast reliability up to the level that traffic safetymay not be reached by human drivers.

The smart city and smart home, which are regarded as essential torealize a smart society, will be embedded into a high-density wirelesssensor network. Distributed networks comprising intelligent sensors mayidentify conditions for cost-efficient and energy-efficient conditionsfor maintaining cities and homes. A similar configuration may be appliedfor each home. Temperature sensors, window and heating controllers,anti-theft alarm devices, and home appliances will be all connectedwirelessly. Many of these sensors typified with a low data transferrate, low power, and low cost. However, for example, real-time HD videomay require specific types of devices for the purpose of surveillance.

As consumption and distribution of energy including heat or gas is beinghighly distributed, automated control of a distributed sensor network isrequired. A smart grid collects information and interconnect sensors byusing digital information and communication technologies so that thedistributed sensor network operates according to the collectedinformation. Since the information may include behaviors of energysuppliers and consumers, the smart grid may help improving distributionof fuels such as electricity in terms of efficiency, reliability,economics, production sustainability, and automation. The smart grid maybe regarded as a different type of sensor network with a low latency.

The health-care sector has many application programs that may benefitfrom mobile communication. A communication system may supporttelemedicine providing a clinical care from a distance. Telemedicine mayhelp reduce barriers to distance and improve access to medical servicesthat are not readily available in remote rural areas. It may also beused to save lives in critical medical and emergency situations. Awireless sensor network based on mobile communication may provide remotemonitoring and sensors for parameters such as the heart rate and bloodpressure.

Wireless and mobile communication are becoming increasingly importantfor industrial applications. Cable wiring requires high installation andmaintenance costs. Therefore, replacement of cables with reconfigurablewireless links is an attractive opportunity for many industrialapplications. However, to exploit the opportunity, the wirelessconnection is required to function with a latency similar to that in thecable connection, to be reliable and of large capacity, and to bemanaged in a simple manner. Low latency and very low error probabilityare new requirements that lead to the introduction of the 5G system.

Logistics and freight tracking are important use cases of mobilecommunication, which require tracking of an inventory and packages fromany place by using location-based information system. The use oflogistics and freight tracking typically requires a low data rate butrequires large-scale and reliable location information.

The present disclosure to be described below may be implemented bycombining or modifying the respective embodiments to satisfy theaforementioned requirements of the 5G system.

FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an AI device.

Referring to FIG. 1 , in the AI system, at least one or more of an AIserver 16, robot 11, self-driving vehicle 12, XR device 13, smartphone14, or home appliance 15 are connected to a cloud network 10. Here, therobot 11, self-driving vehicle 12, XR device 13, smartphone 14, or homeappliance 15 to which the AI technology has been applied may be referredto as an AI device (11 to 15).

The cloud network 10 may comprise part of the cloud computinginfrastructure or refer to a network existing in the cloud computinginfrastructure. Here, the cloud network 10 may be constructed by usingthe 3G network, 4G or Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, or 5G network.

In other words, individual devices (11 to 16) constituting the AI systemmay be connected to each other through the cloud network 10. Inparticular, each individual device (11 to 16) may communicate with eachother through the eNB but may communicate directly to each other withoutrelying on the eNB.

The AI server 16 may include a server performing AI processing and aserver performing computations on big data.

The AI server 16 may be connected to at least one or more of the robot11, self-driving vehicle 12, XR device 13, smartphone 14, or homeappliance 15, which are AI devices constituting the AI system, throughthe cloud network 10 and may help at least part of AI processingconducted in the connected AI devices (11 to 15).

At this time, the AI server 16 may teach the artificial neural networkaccording to a machine learning algorithm on behalf of the AI device (11to 15), directly store the learning model, or transmit the learningmodel to the AI device (11 to 15).

At this time, the AI server 16 may receive input data from the AI device(11 to 15), infer a result value from the received input data by usingthe learning model, generate a response or control command based on theinferred result value, and transmit the generated response or controlcommand to the AI device (11 to 15).

Similarly, the AI device (11 to 15) may infer a result value from theinput data by employing the learning model directly and generate aresponse or control command based on the inferred result value.

<AI+Robot>

By employing the AI technology, the robot 11 may be implemented as aguide robot, transport robot, cleaning robot, wearable robot,entertainment robot, pet robot, or unmanned flying robot.

The robot 11 may include a robot control module for controlling itsmotion, where the robot control module may correspond to a softwaremodule or a chip which implements the software module in the form of ahardware device.

The robot 11 may obtain status information of the robot 11, detect(recognize) the surroundings and objects, generate map data, determine atravel path and navigation plan, determine a response to userinteraction, or determine motion by using sensor information obtainedfrom various types of sensors.

Here, the robot 11 may use sensor information obtained from at least oneor more sensors among lidar, radar, and camera to determine a travelpath and navigation plan.

The robot 11 may perform the operations above by using a learning modelbuilt on at least one or more artificial neural networks. For example,the robot 11 may recognize the surroundings and objects by using thelearning model and determine its motion by using the recognizedsurroundings or object information. Here, the learning model may be theone trained by the robot 11 itself or trained by an external device suchas the AI server 16.

At this time, the robot 11 may perform the operation by generating aresult by employing the learning model directly but also perform theoperation by transmitting sensor information to an external device suchas the AI server 16 and receiving a result generated accordingly.

The robot 11 may determine a travel path and navigation plan by using atleast one or more of object information detected from the map data andsensor information or object information obtained from an externaldevice and navigate according to the determined travel path andnavigation plan by controlling its locomotion platform.

Map data may include object identification information about variousobjects disposed in the space in which the robot 11 navigates. Forexample, the map data may include object identification informationabout static objects such as wall and doors and movable objects such asa flowerpot and a desk. And the object identification information mayinclude the name, type, distance, location, and so on.

Also, the robot 11 may perform the operation or navigate the space bycontrolling its locomotion platform based on the control/interaction ofthe user. At this time, the robot 11 may obtain intention information ofthe interaction due to the user's motion or voice command and perform anoperation by determining a response based on the obtained intentioninformation.

<AI+Autonomous Navigation>

By employing the AI technology, the self-driving vehicle 12 may beimplemented as a mobile robot, unmanned ground vehicle, or unmannedaerial vehicle.

The self-driving vehicle 12 may include an autonomous navigation modulefor controlling its autonomous navigation function, where the autonomousnavigation control module may correspond to a software module or a chipwhich implements the software module in the form of a hardware device.The autonomous navigation control module may be installed inside theself-driving vehicle 12 as a constituting element thereof or may beinstalled outside the self-driving vehicle 12 as a separate hardwarecomponent.

The self-driving vehicle 12 may obtain status information of theself-driving vehicle 12, detect (recognize) the surroundings andobjects, generate map data, determine a travel path and navigation plan,or determine motion by using sensor information obtained from varioustypes of sensors.

Like the robot 11, the self-driving vehicle 12 may use sensorinformation obtained from at least one or more sensors among lidar,radar, and camera to determine a travel path and navigation plan.

In particular, the self-driving vehicle 12 may recognize an occludedarea or an area extending over a predetermined distance or objectslocated across the area by collecting sensor information from externaldevices or receive recognized information directly from the externaldevices.

The self-driving vehicle 12 may perform the operations above by using alearning model built on at least one or more artificial neural networks.For example, the self-driving vehicle 12 may recognize the surroundingsand objects by using the learning model and determine its navigationroute by using the recognized surroundings or object information. Here,the learning model may be the one trained by the self-driving vehicle 12itself or trained by an external device such as the AI server 16.

At this time, the self-driving vehicle 12 may perform the operation bygenerating a result by employing the learning model directly but alsoperform the operation by transmitting sensor information to an externaldevice such as the AI server 16 and receiving a result generatedaccordingly.

The self-driving vehicle 12 may determine a travel path and navigationplan by using at least one or more of object information detected fromthe map data and sensor information or object information obtained froman external device and navigate according to the determined travel pathand navigation plan by controlling its driving platform.

Map data may include object identification information about variousobjects disposed in the space (for example, road) in which theself-driving vehicle 12 navigates. For example, the map data may includeobject identification information about static objects such asstreetlights, rocks and buildings and movable objects such as vehiclesand pedestrians. And the object identification information may includethe name, type, distance, location, and so on.

Also, the self-driving vehicle 12 may perform the operation or navigatethe space by controlling its driving platform based on thecontrol/interaction of the user. At this time, the self-driving vehicle12 may obtain intention information of the interaction due to the user'smotion or voice command and perform an operation by determining aresponse based on the obtained intention information.

<AI+XR>

By employing the AI technology, the XR device 13 may be implemented as aHead-Mounted Display (HMD), Head-Up Display (HUD) installed at thevehicle, TV, mobile phone, smartphone, computer, wearable device, homeappliance, digital signage, vehicle, robot with a fixed platform, ormobile robot.

The XR device 13 may obtain information about the surroundings orphysical objects by generating position and attribute data about 3Dpoints by analyzing 3D point cloud or image data acquired from varioussensors or external devices and output objects in the form of XR objectsby rendering the objects for display.

The XR device 13 may perform the operations above by using a learningmodel built on at least one or more artificial neural networks. Forexample, the XR device 13 may recognize physical objects from 3D pointcloud or image data by using the learning model and provide informationcorresponding to the recognized physical objects. Here, the learningmodel may be the one trained by the XR device 13 itself or trained by anexternal device such as the AI server 16.

At this time, the XR device 13 may perform the operation by generating aresult by employing the learning model directly but also perform theoperation by transmitting sensor information to an external device suchas the AI server 16 and receiving a result generated accordingly.

<AI+Robot+Autonomous Navigation>

By employing the AI and autonomous navigation technologies, the robot 11may be implemented as a guide robot, transport robot, cleaning robot,wearable robot, entertainment robot, pet robot, or unmanned flyingrobot.

The robot 11 employing the AI and autonomous navigation technologies maycorrespond to a robot itself having an autonomous navigation function ora robot 11 interacting with the self-driving vehicle 12.

The robot 11 having the autonomous navigation function may correspondcollectively to the devices which may move autonomously along a givenpath without control of the user or which may move by determining itspath autonomously.

The robot 11 and the self-driving vehicle 12 having the autonomousnavigation function may use a common sensing method to determine one ormore of the travel path or navigation plan. For example, the robot 11and the self-driving vehicle 12 having the autonomous navigationfunction may determine one or more of the travel path or navigation planby using the information sensed through lidar, radar, and camera.

The robot 11 interacting with the self-driving vehicle 12, which existsseparately from the self-driving vehicle 12, may be associated with theautonomous navigation function inside or outside the self-drivingvehicle 12 or perform an operation associated with the user riding theself-driving vehicle 12.

At this time, the robot 11 interacting with the self-driving vehicle 12may obtain sensor information in place of the self-driving vehicle 12and provide the sensed information to the self-driving vehicle 12; ormay control or assist the autonomous navigation function of theself-driving vehicle 12 by obtaining sensor information, generatinginformation of the surroundings or object information, and providing thegenerated information to the self-driving vehicle 12.

Also, the robot 11 interacting with the self-driving vehicle 12 maycontrol the function of the self-driving vehicle 12 by monitoring theuser riding the self-driving vehicle 12 or through interaction with theuser. For example, if it is determined that the driver is drowsy, therobot 11 may activate the autonomous navigation function of theself-driving vehicle 12 or assist the control of the driving platform ofthe self-driving vehicle 12. Here, the function of the self-drivingvehicle 12 controlled by the robot 12 may include not only theautonomous navigation function but also the navigation system installedinside the self-driving vehicle 12 or the function provided by the audiosystem of the self-driving vehicle 12.

Also, the robot 11 interacting with the self-driving vehicle 12 mayprovide information to the self-driving vehicle 12 or assist functionsof the self-driving vehicle 12 from the outside of the self-drivingvehicle 12. For example, the robot 11 may provide traffic informationincluding traffic sign information to the self-driving vehicle 12 like asmart traffic light or may automatically connect an electric charger tothe charging port by interacting with the self-driving vehicle 12 likean automatic electric charger of the electric vehicle.

<AI+Robot+XR>

By employing the AI technology, the robot 11 may be implemented as aguide robot, transport robot, cleaning robot, wearable robot,entertainment robot, pet robot, or unmanned flying robot.

The robot 11 employing the XR technology may correspond to a robot whichacts as a control/interaction target in the XR image. In this case, therobot 11 may be distinguished from the XR device 13, both of which mayoperate in conjunction with each other.

If the robot 11, which acts as a control/interaction target in the XRimage, obtains sensor information from the sensors including a camera,the robot 11 or XR device 13 may generate an XR image based on thesensor information, and the XR device 13 may output the generated XRimage. And the robot 11 may operate based on the control signal receivedthrough the XR device 13 or based on the interaction with the user.

For example, the user may check the XR image corresponding to theviewpoint of the robot 11 associated remotely through an external devicesuch as the XR device 13, modify the navigation path of the robot 11through interaction, control the operation or navigation of the robot11, or check the information of nearby objects.

<AI+Autonomous Navigation+XR>

By employing the AI and XR technologies, the self-driving vehicle 12 maybe implemented as a mobile robot, unmanned ground vehicle, or unmannedaerial vehicle.

The self-driving vehicle 12 employing the XR technology may correspondto a self-driving vehicle having a means for providing XR images or aself-driving vehicle which acts as a control/interaction target in theXR image. In particular, the self-driving vehicle 12 which acts as acontrol/interaction target in the XR image may be distinguished from theXR device 13, both of which may operate in conjunction with each other.

The self-driving vehicle 12 having a means for providing XR images mayobtain sensor information from sensors including a camera and output XRimages generated based on the sensor information obtained. For example,by displaying an XR image through HUD, the self-driving vehicle 12 mayprovide XR images corresponding to physical objects or image objects tothe passenger.

At this time, if an XR object is output on the HUD, at least part of theXR object may be output so as to be overlapped with the physical objectat which the passenger gazes. On the other hand, if an XR object isoutput on a display installed inside the self-driving vehicle 12, atleast part of the XR object may be output so as to be overlapped with animage object. For example, the self-driving vehicle 12 may output XRobjects corresponding to the objects such as roads, other vehicles,traffic lights, traffic signs, bicycles, pedestrians, and buildings.

If the self-driving vehicle 12, which acts as a control/interactiontarget in the XR image, obtains sensor information from the sensorsincluding a camera, the self-driving vehicle 12 or XR device 13 maygenerate an XR image based on the sensor information, and the XR device13 may output the generated XR image. And the self-driving vehicle 12may operate based on the control signal received through an externaldevice such as the XR device 13 or based on the interaction with theuser.

[Extended Reality Technology]

eXtended Reality (XR) refers to all of Virtual Reality (VR), AugmentedReality (AR), and Mixed Reality (MR). The VR technology provides objectsor backgrounds of the real world only in the form of CG images, ARtechnology provides virtual CG images overlaid on the physical objectimages, and MR technology employs computer graphics technology to mixand merge virtual objects with the real world.

MR technology is similar to AR technology in a sense that physicalobjects are displayed together with virtual objects. However, whilevirtual objects supplement physical objects in the AR, virtual andphysical objects co-exist as equivalents in the MR.

The XR technology may be applied to Head-Mounted Display (HMD), Head-UpDisplay (HUD), mobile phone, tablet PC, laptop computer, desktopcomputer, TV, digital signage, and so on, where a device employing theXR technology may be called an XR device.

In what follows, an electronic device providing XR according to anembodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the structure of an XR electronicdevice 20 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the XR electronic device 20 may include a wirelesscommunication unit 21, input unit 22, sensing unit 23, output unit 24,interface unit 25, memory 26, controller 27, and power supply unit 28.The constituting elements shown in FIG. 2 are not essential forimplementing the electronic device 20, and therefore, the electronicdevice 20 described in this document may have more or fewer constitutingelements than those listed above.

More specifically, among the constituting elements above, the wirelesscommunication unit 21 may include one or more modules which enablewireless communication between the electronic device 20 and a wirelesscommunication system, between the electronic device 20 and otherelectronic device, or between the electronic device 20 and an externalserver. Also, the wireless communication unit 21 may include one or moremodules that connect the electronic device 20 to one or more networks.

The wireless communication unit 21 may include at least one of abroadcast receiving module, mobile communication module, wirelessInternet module, short-range communication module, and locationinformation module.

The input unit 22 may include a camera or image input unit for receivingan image signal, microphone or audio input unit for receiving an audiosignal, and user input unit (for example, touch key) for receivinginformation from the user, and push key (for example, mechanical key).Voice data or image data collected by the input unit 22 may be analyzedand processed as a control command of the user.

The sensing unit 23 may include one or more sensors for sensing at leastone of the surroundings of the electronic device 20 and userinformation.

For example, the sensing unit 23 may include at least one of a proximitysensor, illumination sensor, touch sensor, acceleration sensor, magneticsensor, G-sensor, gyroscope sensor, motion sensor, RGB sensor, infrared(IR) sensor, finger scan sensor, ultrasonic sensor, optical sensor (forexample, image capture means), microphone, battery gauge, environmentsensor (for example, barometer, hygrometer, radiation detection sensor,heat detection sensor, and gas detection sensor), and chemical sensor(for example, electronic nose, health-care sensor, and biometricsensor). Meanwhile, the electronic device 20 disclosed in the presentspecification may utilize information collected from at least two ormore sensors listed above.

The output unit 24 is intended to generate an output related to avisual, aural, or tactile stimulus and may include at least one of adisplay, sound output unit, haptic module, and optical output unit. Thedisplay may implement a touchscreen by forming a layered structure orbeing integrated with touch sensors. The touchscreen may not onlyfunction as a user input means for providing an input interface betweenthe AR electronic device 20 and the user but also provide an outputinterface between the AR electronic device 20 and the user.

The interface unit 25 serves as a path to various types of externaldevices connected to the electronic device 20. Through the interfaceunit 25, the electronic device 20 may receive VR or AR content from anexternal device and perform interaction by exchanging various inputsignals, sensing signals, and data.

For example, the interface unit 25 may include at least one of awired/wireless headset port, external charging port, wired/wireless dataport, memory card port, port for connecting to a device equipped with anidentification module, audio Input/Output (I/O) port, video I/O port,and earphone port.

Also, the memory 26 stores data supporting various functions of theelectronic device 20. The memory 26 may store a plurality of applicationprograms (or applications) executed in the electronic device 20; anddata and commands for operation of the electronic device 20. Also, atleast part of the application programs may be pre-installed at theelectronic device 20 from the time of factory shipment for basicfunctions (for example, incoming and outgoing call function and messagereception and transmission function) of the electronic device 20.

The controller 27 usually controls the overall operation of theelectronic device 20 in addition to the operation related to theapplication program. The controller 27 may process signals, data, andinformation input or output through the constituting elements describedabove.

Also, the controller 27 may provide relevant information or process afunction for the user by executing an application program stored in thememory 26 and controlling at least part of the constituting elements.Furthermore, the controller 27 may combine and operate at least two ormore constituting elements among those constituting elements included inthe electronic device 20 to operate the application program.

Also, the controller 27 may detect the motion of the electronic device20 or user by using a gyroscope sensor, g-sensor, or motion sensorincluded in the sensing unit 23. Also, the controller 27 may detect anobject approaching the vicinity of the electronic device 20 or user byusing a proximity sensor, illumination sensor, magnetic sensor, infraredsensor, ultrasonic sensor, or light sensor included in the sensing unit23. Besides, the controller 27 may detect the motion of the user throughsensors installed at the controller operating in conjunction with theelectronic device 20.

Also, the controller 27 may perform the operation (or function) of theelectronic device 20 by using an application program stored in thememory 26.

The power supply unit 28 receives external or internal power under thecontrol of the controller 27 and supplies the power to each and everyconstituting element included in the electronic device 20. The powersupply unit 28 includes battery, which may be provided in a built-in orreplaceable form.

At least part of the constituting elements described above may operatein conjunction with each other to implement the operation, control, orcontrol method of the electronic device according to various embodimentsdescribed below. Also, the operation, control, or control method of theelectronic device may be implemented on the electronic device byexecuting at least one application program stored in the memory 26.

In what follows, the electronic device according to one embodiment ofthe present disclosure will be described with reference to an examplewhere the electronic device is applied to a Head Mounted Display (HMD).However, embodiments of the electronic device according to the presentdisclosure may include a mobile phone, smartphone, laptop computer,digital broadcast terminal, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), PortableMultimedia Player (PMP), navigation terminal, slate PC, tablet PC,ultrabook, and wearable device. Wearable devices may include smart watchand contact lens in addition to the HMD.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a VR electronic device according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure, and FIG. 4 illustrates a situationin which the VR electronic device of FIG. 3 is used.

Referring to the figures, a VR electronic device may include a box-typeelectronic device 30 mounted on the head of the user and a controller 40(40 a, 40 b) that the user may grip and manipulate.

The electronic device 30 includes a head unit 31 worn and supported onthe head and a display 32 being combined with the head unit 31 anddisplaying a virtual image or video in front of the user's eyes.Although the figure shows that the head unit 31 and display 32 are madeas separate units and combined together, the display 32 may also beformed being integrated into the head unit 31.

The head unit 31 may assume a structure of enclosing the head of theuser so as to disperse the weight of the display 32. And to accommodatedifferent head sizes of users, the head unit 31 may provide a band ofvariable length.

The display 32 includes a cover unit 32 a combined with the head unit 31and a display 32 b containing a display panel.

The cover unit 32 a is also called a goggle frame and may have the shapeof a tub as a whole. The cover unit 32 a has a space formed therein, andan opening is formed at the front surface of the cover unit, theposition of which corresponds to the eyeballs of the user.

The display 32 b is installed on the front surface frame of the coverunit 32 a and disposed at the position corresponding to the eyes of theuser to display screen information (image or video). The screeninformation output on the display 32 b includes not only VR content butalso external images collected through an image capture means such as acamera.

And VR content displayed on the display 32 b may be the content storedin the electronic device 30 itself or the content stored in an externaldevice 60. For example, when the screen information is an image of thevirtual world stored in the electronic device 30, the electronic device30 may perform image processing and rendering to process the image ofthe virtual world and display image information generated from the imageprocessing and rendering through the display 32 b. On the other hand, inthe case of a VR image stored in the external device 60, the externaldevice 60 performs image processing and rendering and transmits imageinformation generated from the image processing and rendering to theelectronic device 30. Then the electronic device 30 may output 3D imageinformation received from the external device 60 through the display 32b.

The display 32 b may include a display panel installed at the front ofthe opening of the cover unit 32 a, where the display panel may be anLCD or OLED panel. Similarly, the display 32 b may be a display of asmartphone. In other words, the display 32 b may have a specificstructure in which a smartphone may be attached to or detached from thefront of the cover unit 32 a.

And an image capture means and various types of sensors may be installedat the front of the display 32.

The image capture means (for example, camera) is formed to capture(receive or input) the image of the front and may obtain a real world asseen by the user as an image. One image capture means may be installedat the center of the display 32 b, or two or more of them may beinstalled at symmetric positions. When a plurality of image capturemeans are installed, a stereoscopic image may be obtained. An imagecombining an external image obtained from an image capture means with avirtual image may be displayed through the display 32 b.

Various types of sensors may include a gyroscope sensor, motion sensor,or IR sensor. Various types of sensors will be described in more detaillater.

At the rear of the display 32, a facial pad 33 may be installed. Thefacial pad 33 is made of cushioned material and is fit around the eyesof the user, providing comfortable fit to the face of the user. And thefacial pad 33 is made of a flexible material with a shape correspondingto the front contour of the human face and may be fit to the facialshape of a different user, thereby blocking external light from enteringthe eyes.

In addition to the above, the electronic device 30 may be equipped witha user input unit operated to receive a control command, sound outputunit, and controller. Descriptions of the aforementioned units are thesame as give previously and will be omitted.

Also, a VR electronic device may be equipped with a controller 40 (40 a,40 b) for controlling the operation related to VR images displayedthrough the box-type electronic device 30 as a peripheral device.

The controller 40 is provided in a way that the user may easily grip thecontroller 40 by using his or her both hands, and the outer surface ofthe controller 40 may have a touchpad (or trackpad) or buttons forreceiving the user input.

The controller 40 may be used to control the screen output on thedisplay 32 b in conjunction with the electronic device 30. Thecontroller 40 may include a grip unit that the user grips and a headunit extended from the grip unit and equipped with various sensors and amicroprocessor. The grip unit may be shaped as a long vertical bar sothat the user may easily grip the grip unit, and the head unit may beformed in a ring shape.

And the controller 40 may include an IR sensor, motion tracking sensor,microprocessor, and input unit. For example, IR sensor receives lightemitted from a position tracking device 50 to be described later andtracks motion of the user. The motion tracking sensor may be formed as asingle sensor suite integrating a 3-axis acceleration sensor, 3-axisgyroscope, and digital motion processor.

And the grip unit of the controller 40 may provide a user input unit.For example, the user input unit may include keys disposed inside thegrip unit, touchpad (trackpad) equipped outside the grip unit, andtrigger button.

Meanwhile, the controller 40 may perform a feedback operationcorresponding to a signal received from the controller 27 of theelectronic device 30. For example, the controller 40 may deliver afeedback signal to the user in the form of vibration, sound, or light.

Also, by operating the controller 40, the user may access an externalenvironment image seen through the camera installed in the electronicdevice 30. In other words, even in the middle of experiencing thevirtual world, the user may immediately check the surroundingenvironment by operating the controller 40 without taking off theelectronic device 30.

Also, the VR electronic device may further include a position trackingdevice 50. The position tracking device 50 detects the position of theelectronic device 30 or controller 40 by applying a position trackingtechnique, called lighthouse system, and helps tracking the 360-degreemotion of the user.

The position tacking system may be implemented by installing one or moreposition tracking device 50 (50 a, 50 b) in a closed, specific space. Aplurality of position tracking devices 50 may be installed at suchpositions that maximize the span of location-aware space, for example,at positions facing each other in the diagonal direction.

The electronic device 30 or controller 40 may receive light emitted fromLED or laser emitter included in the plurality of position trackingdevices 50 and determine the accurate position of the user in a closed,specific space based on a correlation between the time and position atwhich the corresponding light is received. To this purpose, each of theposition tracking devices 50 may include an IR lamp and 2-axis motor,through which a signal is exchanged with the electronic device 30 orcontroller 40.

Also, the electronic device 30 may perform wired/wireless communicationwith an external device 60 (for example, PC, smartphone, or tablet PC).The electronic device 30 may receive images of the virtual world storedin the connected external device 60 and display the received image tothe user.

Meanwhile, since the controller 40 and position tracking device 50described above are not essential elements, they may be omitted in theembodiments of the present disclosure. For example, an input deviceinstalled in the electronic device 30 may replace the controller 40, andposition information may be determined by itself from various sensorsinstalled in the electronic device 30.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an AR electronic device according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the electronic device according to one embodimentof the present disclosure may include a frame 100, controller 200, anddisplay 300.

The electronic device may be provided in the form of smart glasses. Theglass-type electronic device may be shaped to be worn on the head of theuser, for which the frame (case or housing) 100 may be used. The frame100 may be made of a flexible material so that the user may wear theglass-type electronic device comfortably.

The frame 100 is supported on the head and provides a space in whichvarious components are installed. As shown in the figure, electroniccomponents such as the controller 200, user input unit 130, or soundoutput unit 140 may be installed in the frame 100. Also, lens thatcovers at least one of the left and right eyes may be installed in theframe 100 in a detachable manner.

As shown in the figure, the frame 100 may have a shape of glasses wornon the face of the user; however, the present disclosure is not limitedto the specific shape and may have a shape such as goggles worn in closecontact with the user's face.

The frame 100 may include a front frame 110 having at least one openingand one pair of side frames 120 parallel to each other and beingextended in a first direction (y), which are intersected by the frontframe 110.

The controller 200 is configured to control various electroniccomponents installed in the electronic device.

The controller 200 may generate an image shown to the user or videocomprising successive images. The controller 200 may include an imagesource panel that generates an image and a plurality of lenses thatdiffuse and converge light generated from the image source panel.

The controller 200 may be fixed to either of the two side frames 120.For example, the controller 200 may be fixed in the inner or outersurface of one side frame 120 or embedded inside one of side frames 120.Or the controller 200 may be fixed to the front frame 110 or providedseparately from the electronic device.

The display 300 may be implemented in the form of a Head Mounted Display(HMD). HMD refers to a particular type of display device worn on thehead and showing an image directly in front of eyes of the user. Thedisplay 300 may be disposed to correspond to at least one of left andright eyes so that images may be shown directly in front of the eye(s)of the user when the user wears the electronic device. The presentfigure illustrates a case where the display 300 is disposed at theposition corresponding to the right eye of the user so that images maybe shown before the right eye of the user.

The display 300 may be used so that an image generated by the controller200 is shown to the user while the user visually recognizes the externalenvironment. For example, the display 300 may project an image on thedisplay area by using a prism.

And the display 300 may be formed to be transparent so that a projectedimage and a normal view (the visible part of the world as seen throughthe eyes of the user) in the front are shown at the same time. Forexample, the display 300 may be translucent and made of optical elementsincluding glass.

And the display 300 may be fixed by being inserted into the openingincluded in the front frame 110 or may be fixed on the front surface 110by being positioned on the rear surface of the opening (namely betweenthe opening and the user's eye). Although the figure illustrates oneexample where the display 300 is fixed on the front surface 110 by beingpositioned on the rear surface of the rear surface, the display 300 maybe disposed and fixed at various positions of the frame 100.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the electronic device may operate so that if thecontroller 200 projects light about an image onto one side of thedisplay 300, the light is emitted to the other side of the display, andthe image generated by the controller 200 is shown to the user.

Accordingly, the user may see the image generated by the controller 200while seeing the external environment simultaneously through the openingof the frame 100. In other words, the image output through the display300 may be seen by being overlapped with a normal view. By using thedisplay characteristic described above, the electronic device mayprovide an AR experience which shows a virtual image overlapped with areal image or background as a single, interwoven image.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a controller according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to the figure, the controller 200 may include a first cover207 and second cover 225 for protecting internal constituting elementsand forming the external appearance of the controller 200, where, insidethe first 207 and second 225 covers, included are a driving unit 201,image source panel 203, Polarization Beam Splitter Filter (PBSF) 211,mirror 209, a plurality of lenses 213, 215, 217, 221, Fly Eye Lens (FEL)219, Dichroic filter 227, and Freeform prism Projection Lens (FPL) 223.

The first 207 and second 225 covers provide a space in which the drivingunit 201, image source panel 203, PBSF 211, mirror 209, a plurality oflenses 213, 215, 217, 221, FEL 219, and FPL may be installed, and theinternal constituting elements are packaged and fixed to either of theside frames 120.

The driving unit 201 may supply a driving signal that controls a videoor an image displayed on the image source panel 203 and may be linked toa separate modular driving chip installed inside or outside thecontroller 200. The driving unit 201 may be installed in the form ofFlexible Printed Circuits Board (FPCB), which may be equipped withheatsink that dissipates heat generated during operation to the outside.

The image source panel 203 may generate an image according to a drivingsignal provided by the driving unit 201 and emit light according to thegenerated image. To this purpose, the image source panel 203 may use theLiquid Crystal Display (LCD) or Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED)panel.

The PBSF 211 may separate light due to the image generated from theimage source panel 203 or block or pass part of the light according to arotation angle. Therefore, for example, if the image light emitted fromthe image source panel 203 is composed of P wave, which is horizontallight, and S wave, which is vertical light, the PBSF 211 may separatethe P and S waves into different light paths or pass the image light ofone polarization or block the image light of the other polarization. ThePBSF 211 may be provided as a cube type or plate type in one embodiment.

The cube-type PBSF 211 may filter the image light composed of P and Swaves and separate them into different light paths while the plate-typePBSF 211 may pass the image light of one of the P and S waves but blockthe image light of the other polarization.

The mirror 209 reflects the image light separated from polarization bythe PBSF 211 to collect the polarized image light again and let thecollected image light incident on a plurality of lenses 213, 215, 217,221.

The plurality of lenses 213, 215, 217, 221 may include convex andconcave lenses and for example, may include I-type lenses and C-typelenses. The plurality of lenses 213, 215, 217, 221 repeat diffusion andconvergence of image light incident on the lenses, thereby improvingstraightness of the image light rays.

The FEL 219 may receive the image light which has passed the pluralityof lenses 213, 215, 217, 221 and emit the image light so as to improveilluminance uniformity and extend the area exhibiting uniformilluminance due to the image light.

The dichroic filter 227 may include a plurality of films or lenses andpass light of a specific range of wavelengths from the image lightincoming from the FEL 219 but reflect light not belonging to thespecific range of wavelengths, thereby adjusting saturation of color ofthe image light. The image light which has passed the dichroic filter227 may pass through the FPL 223 and be emitted to the display 300.

The display 300 may receive the image light emitted from the controller200 and emit the incident image light to the direction in which theuser's eyes are located.

Meanwhile, in addition to the constituting elements described above, theelectronic device may include one or more image capture means (notshown). The image capture means, being disposed close to at least one ofleft and right eyes, may capture the image of the front area. Or theimage capture means may be disposed so as to capture the image of theside/rear area.

Since the image capture means is disposed close to the eye, the imagecapture means may obtain the image of a real world seen by the user. Theimage capture means may be installed at the frame 100 or arranged inplural numbers to obtain stereoscopic images.

The electronic device may provide a user input unit 130 manipulated toreceive control commands. The user input unit 130 may adopt variousmethods including a tactile manner in which the user operates the userinput unit by sensing a tactile stimulus from a touch or push motion,gesture manner in which the user input unit recognizes the hand motionof the user without a direct touch thereon, or a manner in which theuser input unit recognizes a voice command. The present figureillustrates a case where the user input unit 130 is installed at theframe 100.

Also, the electronic device may be equipped with a microphone whichreceives a sound and converts the received sound to electrical voicedata and a sound output unit 140 that outputs a sound. The sound outputunit 140 may be configured to transfer a sound through an ordinary soundoutput scheme or bone conduction scheme. When the sound output unit 140is configured to operate according to the bone conduction scheme, thesound output unit 140 is fit to the head when the user wears theelectronic device and transmits sound by vibrating the skull.

In what follows, various forms of the display 300 and various methodsfor emitting incident image light rays will be described.

FIGS. 7 to 13 illustrate various display methods applicable to thedisplay 300 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

More specifically, FIG. 7 illustrates one embodiment of a prism-typeoptical element; FIG. 8 illustrates one embodiment of a waveguide-typeoptical element; FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate one embodiment of a pinmirror-type optical element; and FIG. 11 illustrates one embodiment of asurface reflection-type optical element. And FIG. 12 illustrates oneembodiment of a micro-LED type optical element, and FIG. 13 illustratesone embodiment of a display used for contact lenses.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the display 300-1 according to one embodiment ofthe present disclosure may use a prism-type optical element.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7(a), a prism-type optical elementmay use a flat-type glass optical element where the surface 300 a onwhich image light rays are incident and from which the image light raysare emitted is planar or as shown in FIG. 7(b), may use a freeform glassoptical element where the surface 300 b from which the image light raysare emitted is formed by a curved surface without a fixed radius ofcurvature.

The flat-type glass optical element may receive the image lightgenerated by the controller 200 through the flat side surface, reflectthe received image light by using the total reflection mirror 300 ainstalled inside and emit the reflected image light toward the user.Here, laser is used to form the total reflection mirror 300 a installedinside the flat type glass optical element.

The freeform glass optical element is formed so that its thicknessbecomes thinner as it moves away from the surface on which light isincident, receives image light generated by the controller 200 through aside surface having a finite radius of curvature, totally reflects thereceived image light, and emits the reflected light toward the user.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the display 300-2 according to another embodimentof the present disclosure may use a waveguide-type optical element orlight guide optical element (LOE).

As one embodiment, the waveguide or light guide-type optical element maybe implemented by using a segmented beam splitter-type glass opticalelement as shown in FIG. 8(a), saw tooth prism-type glass opticalelement as shown in FIG. 8(b), glass optical element having adiffractive optical element (DOE) as shown in FIG. 8(c), glass opticalelement having a hologram optical element (HOE) as shown in FIG. 8(d),glass optical element having a passive grating as shown in FIG. 8(e),and glass optical element having an active grating as shown in FIG.8(f).

As shown in FIG. 8(a), the segmented beam splitter-type glass opticalelement may have a total reflection mirror 301 a where an optical imageis incident and a segmented beam splitter 301 b where an optical imageis emitted.

Accordingly, the optical image generated by the controller 200 istotally reflected by the total reflection mirror 301 a inside the glassoptical element, and the totally reflected optical image is partiallyseparated and emitted by the partial reflection mirror 301 b andeventually perceived by the user while being guided along thelongitudinal direction of the glass.

In the case of the saw tooth prism-type glass optical element as shownin FIG. 8(b), the optical image generated by the controller 200 isincident on the side surface of the glass in the oblique direction andtotally reflected into the inside of the glass, emitted to the outsideof the glass by the saw tooth-shaped uneven structure 302 formed wherethe optical image is emitted, and eventually perceived by the user.

The glass optical element having a Diffractive Optical Element (DOE) asshown in FIG. 8(c) may have a first diffraction member 303 a on thesurface of the part on which the optical image is incident and a seconddiffraction member 303 b on the surface of the part from which theoptical image is emitted. The first and second diffraction members 303a, 303 b may be provided in a way that a specific pattern is patternedon the surface of the glass or a separate diffraction film is attachedthereon.

Accordingly, the optical image generated by the controller 200 isdiffracted as it is incident through the first diffraction member 303 a,guided along the longitudinal direction of the glass while being totallyreflected, emitted through the second diffraction member 303 b, andeventually perceived by the user.

The glass optical element having a Hologram Optical Element (HOE) asshown in FIG. 8(d) may have an out-coupler 304 inside the glass fromwhich an optical image is emitted. Accordingly, the optical image isincoming from the controller 200 in the oblique direction through theside surface of the glass, guided along the longitudinal direction ofthe glass by being totally reflected, emitted by the out-coupler 304,and eventually perceived by the user. The structure of the HOE may bemodified gradually to be further divided into the structure having apassive grating and the structure having an active grating.

The glass optical element having a passive grating as shown in FIG. 8(e)may have an in-coupler 305 a on the opposite surface of the glasssurface on which the optical image is incident and an out-coupler 305 bon the opposite surface of the glass surface from which the opticalimage is emitted. Here, the in-coupler 305 a and the out-coupler 305 bmay be provided in the form of film having a passive grating.

Accordingly, the optical image incident on the glass surface at thelight-incident side of the glass is totally reflected by the in-coupler305 a installed on the opposite surface, guided along the longitudinaldirection of the glass, emitted through the opposite surface of theglass by the out-coupler 305 b, and eventually perceived by the user.

The glass optical element having an active grating as shown in FIG. 8(f)may have an in-coupler 306 a formed as an active grating inside theglass through which an optical image is incoming and an out-coupler 306b formed as an active grating inside the glass from which the opticalimage is emitted.

Accordingly, the optical image incident on the glass is totallyreflected by the in-coupler 306 a, guided in the longitudinal directionof the glass, emitted to the outside of the glass by the out-coupler 306b, and eventually perceived by the user.

The display 300-3 according to another embodiment of the presentdisclosure may use a pin mirror-type optical element.

The pinhole effect is so called because the hole through which an objectis seen is like the one made with the point of a pin and refers to theeffect of making an object look more clearly as light is passed througha small hole. This effect results from the nature of light due torefraction of light, and the light passing through the pinhole extendsthe depth of field (DOF), which makes the image formed on the retinamore vivid.

In what follows, an embodiment for using a pin mirror-type opticalelement will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10 .

Referring to FIG. 9(a), the pinhole mirror 310 a may be provided on thepath of incident light within the display 300-3 and reflect the incidentlight toward the user's eye. More specifically, the pinhole mirror 310 amay be disposed between the front surface (outer surface) and the rearsurface (inner surface) of the display 300-3, and a method formanufacturing the pinhole mirror will be described again later.

The pinhole mirror 310 a may be formed to be smaller than the pupil ofthe eye and to provide an extended depth of field. Therefore, even ifthe focal length for viewing a real world through the display 300-3 ischanged, the user may still clearly see the real world by overlapping anaugmented reality image provided by the controller 200 with the image ofthe real world.

And the display 300-3 may provide a path which guides the incident lightto the pinhole mirror 310 a through internal total reflection.

Referring to FIG. 9(b), the pinhole mirror 310 b may be provided on thesurface 300 c through which light is totally reflected in the display300-3. Here, the pinhole mirror 310 b may have the characteristic of aprism that changes the path of external light according to the user'seyes. For example, the pinhole mirror 310 b may be fabricated asfilm-type and attached to the display 300-3, in which case the processfor manufacturing the pinhole mirror is made easy.

The display 300-3 may guide the incident light incoming from thecontroller 200 through internal total reflection, the light incident bytotal reflection may be reflected by the pinhole mirror 310 b installedon the surface on which external light is incident, and the reflectedlight may pass through the display 300-3 to reach the user's eyes.

Referring to FIG. 9(c), the incident light illuminated by the controller200 may be reflected by the pinhole mirror 310 c directly withoutinternal total reflection within the display 300-3 and reach the user'seyes. This structure is convenient for the manufacturing process in thataugmented reality may be provided irrespective of the shape of thesurface through which external light passes within the display 300-3.

Referring to FIG. 9(d), the light illuminated by the controller 200 mayreach the user's eyes by being reflected within the display 300-3 by thepinhole mirror 310 d installed on the surface 300 d from which externallight is emitted. The controller 200 is configured to illuminate lightat the position separated from the surface of the display 300-3 in thedirection of the rear surface and illuminate light toward the surface300 d from which external light is emitted within the display 300-3. Thepresent embodiment may be applied easily when thickness of the display300-3 is not sufficient to accommodate the light illuminated by thecontroller 200. Also, the present embodiment may be advantageous formanufacturing in that it may be applied irrespective of the surfaceshape of the display 300-3, and the pinhole mirror 310 d may bemanufactured in a film shape.

Meanwhile, the pinhole mirror 310 may be provided in plural numbers inan array pattern.

FIG. 10 illustrates the shape of a pinhole mirror and structure of anarray pattern according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

Referring to the figure, the pinhole mirror 310 may be fabricated in apolygonal structure including a square or rectangular shape. Here, thelength (diagonal length) of a longer axis of the pinhole mirror 310 mayhave a positive square root of the product of the focal length andwavelength of light illuminated in the display 300-3.

A plurality of pinhole mirrors 310 are disposed in parallel, beingseparated from each other, to form an array pattern. The array patternmay form a line pattern or lattice pattern.

FIGS. 10(a) and (b) illustrate the Flat Pin Mirror scheme, and FIGS.10(c) and (d) illustrate the freeform Pin Mirror scheme.

When the pinhole mirror 310 is installed inside the display 300-3, thefirst glass 300 e and the second glass 300 f are combined by an inclinedsurface 300 g disposed being inclined toward the pupil of the eye, and aplurality of pinhole mirrors 310 e are disposed on the inclined surface300 g by forming an array pattern.

Referring to FIGS. 10(a) and (b), a plurality of pinhole mirrors 310 emay be disposed side by side along one direction on the inclined surface300 g and continuously display the augmented reality provided by thecontroller 200 on the image of a real world seen through the display300-3 even if the user moves the pupil of the eye.

And referring to FIGS. 10(c) and (d), the plurality of pinhole mirrors310 f may form a radial array on the inclined surface 300 g provided asa curved surface.

Since the plurality of pinhole mirrors 300 f are disposed along theradial array, the pinhole mirror 310 f at the edge in the figure isdisposed at the highest position, and the pinhole mirror 310 f in themiddle thereof is disposed at the lowest position, the path of a beamemitted by the controller 200 may be matched to each pinhole mirror.

As described above, by disposing a plurality of pinhole arrays 310 falong the radial array, the double image problem of augmented realityprovided by the controller 200 due to the path difference of light maybe resolved.

Similarly, lenses may be attached on the rear surface of the display300-3 to compensate for the path difference of the light reflected fromthe plurality of pinhole mirrors 310 e disposed side by side in a row.

The surface reflection-type optical element that may be applied to thedisplay 300-4 according to another embodiment of the present disclosuremay employ the freeform combiner method as shown in FIG. 11(a), Flat HOEmethod as shown in FIG. 11(b), and freeform HOE method as shown in FIG.11(c).

The surface reflection-type optical element based on the freeformcombiner method as shown in FIG. 11(a) may use freeform combiner glass300, for which a plurality of flat surfaces having different incidenceangles for an optical image are combined to form one glass with a curvedsurface as a whole to perform the role of a combiner. The freeformcombiner glass 300 emits an optical image to the user by makingincidence angle of the optical image differ in the respective areas.

The surface reflection-type optical element based on Flat HOE method asshown in FIG. 11(b) may have a hologram optical element (HOE) 311 coatedor patterned on the surface of flat glass, where an optical imageemitted by the controller 200 passes through the HOE 311, reflects fromthe surface of the glass, again passes through the HOE 311, and iseventually emitted to the user.

The surface reflection-type optical element based on the freeform HOEmethod as shown in FIG. 11(c) may have a HOE 313 coated or patterned onthe surface of freeform glass, where the operating principles may be thesame as described with reference to FIG. 11(b).

In addition, a display 300-5 employing micro LED as shown in FIG. 12 anda display 300-6 employing a contact lens as shown in FIG. 13 may also beused.

Referring to FIG. 12 , the optical element of the display 300-5 mayinclude a Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) element, Liquid CrystalDisplay (LCD) element, Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) displayelement, and Digital Micromirror Device (DMD); and the optical elementmay further include a next-generation display element such as Micro LEDand Quantum Dot (QD) LED.

The image data generated by the controller 200 to correspond to theaugmented reality image is transmitted to the display 300-5 along aconductive input line 316, and the display 300-5 may convert the imagesignal to light through a plurality of optical elements 314 (forexample, microLED) and emits the converted light to the user's eye.

The plurality of optical elements 314 are disposed in a latticestructure (for example, 100×100) to form a display area 314 a. The usermay see the augmented reality through the display area 314 a within thedisplay 300-5. And the plurality of optical elements 314 may be disposedon a transparent substrate.

The image signal generated by the controller 200 is sent to an imagesplit circuit 315 provided at one side of the display 300-5; the imagesplit circuit 315 is divided into a plurality of branches, where theimage signal is further sent to an optical element 314 disposed at eachbranch. At this time, the image split circuit 315 may be located outsidethe field of view of the user so as to minimize gaze interference.

Referring to FIG. 13 , the display 300-5 may comprise a contact lens. Acontact lens 300-5 on which augmented reality may be displayed is alsocalled a smart contact lens. The smart contact lens 300-5 may have aplurality of optical elements 317 in a lattice structure at the centerof the smart contact lens.

The smart contact lens 300-5 may include a solar cell 318 a, battery 318b, controller 200, antenna 318 c, and sensor 318 d in addition to theoptical element 317. For example, the sensor 318 d may check the bloodsugar level in the tear, and the controller 200 may process the signalof the sensor 318 d and display the blood sugar level in the form ofaugmented reality through the optical element 317 so that the user maycheck the blood sugar level in real-time.

As described above, the display 300 according to one embodiment of thepresent disclosure may be implemented by using one of the prism-typeoptical element, waveguide-type optical element, light guide opticalelement (LOE), pin mirror-type optical element, or surfacereflection-type optical element. In addition to the above, an opticalelement that may be applied to the display 300 according to oneembodiment of the present disclosure may include a retina scan method.

FIG. 14 is a side conceptual view of an electronic device 20 associatedwith the present disclosure, and FIG. 15 illustrates front conceptualviews of two states of the electronic device 20 associated with thepresent disclosure.

In the state in which a user wears electronic device 20 providingaugmented reality information, it is defined that a surface seen by theuser is a front surface and a direction from the user upward is anupward direction.

Electronic device 20 of the present disclosure includes an opticaldriving assembly 200, an optical element 321, and a pin mirror 312.

Optical driving assembly 200 emits image light 603 corresponding to theaugmented reality information. More specifically, optical drivingassembly 200 includes an image source panel 203, and image source panel203 emits the image light 603 corresponding to the augmented realityinformation to be output by display 300 directly.

Optical element 321 is a part of display 300, and serves to provide apath for image light 603 emitted from optical driving assembly 200 to betotally reflected after incidence to reach an eye 602 of the user.Optical element 321 may include an optically transparent material suchas a photopolymer.

A pin mirror 312 is distributed in one region of optical element 321,reflects image light 603 to reach the user, and extends the depth offield at this time.

In summary, image light 603 is formed and emitted from optical drivingassembly 200, incident and totally reflected by optical element 321, andreflected by pin mirror 312 of optical element 321 to be provided to theuser. Display 300 (or optical element 321) totally reflects image light603 so that optical driving assembly 200 does not block the user'svision, and pin mirror 312 extends the depth of field to make clearimages to the user.

For more detailed description of optical driving assembly 200, opticalelement 321, and pin mirror 312, FIGS. 9 and 10 may be referred to. Pinmirror 312 means a configuration that serves as a mirror among theabove-described pin hole mirror.

Pin mirror 312 may be provided in plural. Plurality of pin mirrors 312may provide the user with a plurality of image lights 603 causing anextended depth of field based on the principle of emission pupilduplication, so that the augmented reality information may be moreclearly output than when provided in singular.

A variable lens member 400 varies a region 6031 (or dimension of aregion 6031) to which image light 603 from optical driving assembly 200arrives among regions 3121 provided with plurality of pin mirrors 312.The meaning of region 3121 provided with plurality of pin mirrors 312refers to a region where a line connecting plurality of pin mirrors 312positioned on the outer side among plurality of pin mirrors 312 becomesan outer boundary.

Variable lens member 400 changes area 601 that is output as augmentedreality information by adjusting the refractive index and the like toadjust an effective region 6031 of image light 603 that is reachingplurality of pin mirrors 312. The larger region 6031 reaching, thelarger area 601 of the augmented reality information that is output. Theuser may use electronic device 20 by adjusting output area 601 of theaugmented reality information to be larger or smaller.

Alternatively, the brightness of the augmented reality information thatis output by variable lens member 400 may also be adjusted. Assumingthat the amount of light reaching pin mirror 312 from optical drivingassembly 200 is the same even though reaching region 6031 is varied byvariable lens member 400, the brightness density decreases to form ablurry image if image light 603 arrives in a wide region among theregion of plurality of pin mirror 312. Meanwhile, the brightness densityincreases to form a clear image if image light 603 reaches a relativelynarrow region. Such an adjustment of the brightness may be helpfullyapplied when there is a difference in external illuminance of electronicdevice 20. If the external illuminance is high (for example, whenelectronic device 20 is outdoors), the augmented reality informationalso needs to be provided at a high brightness. In contrast, if it isindoors, the augmented reality information may also be provided at a lowbrightness because the amount of external light is usually low.

Variable lens member 400 is provided at a first point on an optical paththat reaches plurality of pin mirrors 312 from optical driving assembly200. However, the entire variable lens member 400 does not always needto be located in the optical path. In particular, it is preferable thatvariable lens member 400 is provided between optical driving assembly200 and display 300 (or optical element 321). Because variable lensmember 400 is physically changed, it is not appropriate to be positionedinside optical element 321 that is not.

Variable lens member 400 may include a plurality of lens members 410.Each lens member 411 adjusts regions 6031 of the image light reachingplurality of pin mirrors 312 to be different with different refractiveindices. Plurality of lens members 410 may consist of at least two lensmembers 411.

Plurality of lens members 410 may be any one of a refractive lens (or alens group) 411-1 and a diffraction element (DOE) 411-2. All lensmembers 411 of plurality of lens members 410 may be configured asrefractive lenses 411-1 or diffraction elements 411-2. In some cases,some lens members 410 may be implemented as refractive lenses, and otherlens members may be implemented as diffractive elements.

Each lens member 411 of plurality of lens members 410 may be moved to beselectively positioned at a first point on an optical path reachingplurality of pin mirrors 312 from image source panel 203. Movement ofplurality of lens members 410 may be implemented by a lens movingassembly. The mechanism of the lens moving assembly will be describedlater.

FIG. 16 is a side conceptual view of another embodiment of an electronicdevice 20 associated with the present disclosure.

Variable lens member 400 may include a tunable lens 430. Here, tunablelens 430 may be a liquid lens or an electro wetting lens having avariable refractive index. Tunable lens 430 refers to a configuration inwhich the refractive index is changed through deformation of a shapewithout moving, unlike a refractive lens or a diffraction elementprovided in the form of plurality of lens members 410. Unlike refractivelenses or diffractive elements, there is an advantage in that refractiveindex is finely adjustable, and it can be applied to a narrow space dueto its relatively small size.

Descriptions with respect to FIGS. 14 and 15 may be equally applicableto the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 16 within the scope that does notcontradict, and thus repetitive descriptions thereof will be omitted.

In the embodiments of FIGS. 14 to 16 , the maximum region of image light603 that reaches the plurality of mirrors through variable lens member400 is made to coincide with the region provided with plurality of pinmirrors 312 so that unused pin mirror 312 can be prevented from beingprovided. When unused pin mirror 312 is provided, there is a problemsuch as an increase in cost due to redundant pin mirror 312, obstructionof view, and so on.

Plurality of pin mirrors 312 may form a rectangular boundary. It ispreferable that the rectangular aspect ratio matches the aspect ratio ofimage source panel 203 so that unused pin mirror 312 does not occur.

FIGS. 17 and 18 relate to two embodiments in which a part of the opticalelement 321 of the present disclosure is viewed from the front.

Plurality of pin mirrors 312 may form a grid pattern.

Referring to FIG. 17 , plurality of pin mirrors 312 may be implementedin a negative type in which intersecting band regions among the gridpattern form a reflective region. The grid pattern may be implemented asa combination of a pattern in which a plurality of bands formed in avertical direction are arranged in a horizontal direction and a patternin which a plurality of bands formed in a horizontal direction arearranged in a vertical direction.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 18 , plurality of pin mirrors 312 may beimplemented in a positive type in which regions inside the grid amongthe grid pattern form a reflective region.

FIGS. 19 and 20A illustrate states before and after coupling somecomponents of an electronic device 20 associated with the presentdisclosure, and FIGS. 20A and 20B illustrate a rear view and a frontview of two states in which plurality of lens members 410 are moved inelectronic device 20 associated with the present disclosure,respectively.

As described above, a lens moving assembly 420 moves plurality of lensmembers 410 such that each lens member 411 of plurality of lens members410 is selectively positioned at the first point.

Lens moving assembly 420 includes a rail 421 and a guider 422. Rail 421is formed in a lens case 4101 that mounts plurality of lens members 410,and guider 422 is fixed so as not to move relative to optical element321 to form a path that rail 421 moves. Guider 422 may be provided in astraight direction parallel to one surface of optical element 321.Guider 422 and rail 421 may be provided as two members parallel to eachother in a linear direction for the stable movement of lens case 4101.As rail 421 formed in lens case 4101 moves along guider 422, lens member411 positioned at the first point is changed.

Rail 421 may move by an external force. The sliding method by theexternal force has advantages in that it does not require a separatepower, it is possible to adjust the augmented reality information outputarea according to the user's intention regardless of the surroundingsituation, and quick switching is possible.

Guider 422 and rail 421 may have a protrusion and a protrusion groovecorresponding to lens members 411 respectively to recognize and guidethe positioning of each lens member 411 at the first point (not shown).

As plurality of lens members 410 having different refractive indicesmove, the focal length is also changed, which may provide an unclearimage to the user. To solve this problem, the distance from the lensmember to pin mirror 312 or from image source panel 203 to pin mirror312 on the optical path can be changed along with the change of the lensmember. In the present embodiment, a panel distance adjusting assembly500 for changing the distance from image source panel 203 to pin mirror312 will be described.

Panel distance adjusting assembly 500 includes a slit 511 and aprotuberance 512. Slit 511 is provided in lens case 4101 so as to forman inclination with respect to the direction of the guide, that is, themoving direction of lens case 4101, and protuberance 512 is provided inpanel case 2031 mounting image source panel 203 and fastened to bemovable on slit 511. As lens case 4101 moves, slit 511 also moves. Asslit 511 moves, protuberance 512 moves in the direction of the opticalpath. At this time, a support member 513 prevents panel case 2031 frommoving in the moving direction of lens case 4101 while lens case 4101moves. That is, support member 513 restrains panel case 2031 from movingwith respect to the moving direction of lens case 4101. Therefore, thesupport surface of support member 513 should be formed perpendicular tothe longitudinal direction of guider 422.

The degree of inclination of slit 511 depends on the focal lengthspecified by the refractive index of each lens member 411.

Lens moving assembly 420 may move by driving of an actuator instead ofan external force. The actuator may be implemented by a motor orsolenoid. However, it is not limited thereto and includes all cases inwhich lens moving assembly 420 is driven by an electromagnetic forcebased on the generated driving signal.

When the lens member is moved by the actuator, there is an advantagethat it can be adjusted without applying an external force.

In addition, when the external illuminance can be sensed, there is anadvantage in that the optimum augmented reality information can beprovided by automatically positioning lens member 411 that best matchesthe external illuminance condition. In order to implement this function,electronic device 20 may include an illuminance sensor and a controller.The illuminance sensor measures illuminance around electronic device 20.The controller may control the actuator to correspond to the ambientbrightness so that variable lens member 400 is adjusted in a directionin which the region where image light 603 reaches is narrowed if theambient illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor is high andvariable lens member 400 is adjusted to widen the corresponding regionif the ambient illuminance measured by the illuminance sensor is low.Without the user's separate adjustment, the higher the ambientilluminance, the higher the brightness of the output augmented realityinformation, and the lower the ambient illuminance, the lower thebrightness of the output augmented reality information.

The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting inall respects but should be considered as illustrative. The scope of thepresent disclosure should be determined by reasonable interpretation ofthe appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent scope of thepresent disclosure are included in the scope of the present disclosure.

Some or other embodiments of the present disclosure described above arenot exclusive or distinct from one another. Certain embodiments or otherembodiments of the present disclosure described above may be combined orused together in each configuration or function.

For example, it means that A configuration described in certainembodiments and/or drawings and B configuration described in otherembodiments and/or drawings may be combined. In other words, even whenthe combination between the configurations is not described directly, itmeans that the combination is possible unless clearly stated otherwise.

The detailed descriptions above should be regarded as being illustrativerather than restrictive in every aspect. The technical scope of thepresent disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretationof the appended claims, and all of the modifications that fall within anequivalent scope of the present disclosure belong to the technical scopeof the present disclosure.

The advantageous effects of the electronic device according to thepresent disclosure will be described below.

According to at least one of the embodiments of the present disclosure,the size of the augmented reality information provided through theelectronic device can be adjusted.

Further, according to at least one of the embodiments of the presentdisclosure, the brightness of the augmented reality information providedthrough the electronic device may be adjusted.

In addition, according to at least one of the embodiments of the presentdisclosure, it is possible to adjust the size or brightness of theaugmented reality information by a physical method to increase theoperation reliability.

Further, according to at least one of the embodiments of the presentdisclosure, the size or brightness of the augmented reality informationis automatically adjusted according to the external environment.

In addition, according to at least one of the embodiments of the presentdisclosure, an unnecessary region is not generated in the region wherethe pin mirror is provided on the display.

What is claimed is:
 1. An electronic device comprising: an opticaldriving assembly including an image source panel for emitting imagelight; an optical element in which the emitted image light is incidenton and reflected; a plurality of pin mirrors distributed in a region ofthe optical element and configured to extend a depth of a field of view;and a variable lens member provided at one point of an optical pathbefore the emitted light reaches the plurality of pin mirrors, whereinthe variable lens member is configured to narrow or widen an effectiveregion of image light that reaches the plurality of pin mirrors amongthe region provided with the plurality of pin mirrors by changing afocal length of the variable lens member to adjust a size of an outputimage of augmented reality information, wherein the variable lens memberincludes: a plurality of lens members; and a lens moving assemblyconfigured to move the plurality of lens members such that each lensmember of the plurality of lens members is selectively positioned at afirst point on the optical path reaching the plurality of pin mirrorsfrom the image source panel.
 2. The electronic device of claim 1,further comprising a lens case configured to mount the plurality of lensmembers, wherein the lens moving assembly includes: a rail formed in thelens case; and a guider fixed to the optical element to form a pathalong which the guider moves along the rail.
 3. The electronic device ofclaim 2, wherein the guider is provided in a straight direction parallelto one surface of the optical element.
 4. The electronic device of claim3, further comprising: a panel case configured to mount the image sourcepanel; and a panel distance adjusting assembly configured to move suchthat a length of the optical path from the panel case to the pluralityof pin mirrors becomes different according to a movement of the lenscase.
 5. The electronic device of claim 4, wherein the panel distanceadjusting assembly includes: a slit provided in the lens case to form aninclination with respect to a direction of the guider; a protuberanceprovided on the panel case and fastened to be movable on the slit; and asupport member configured to prevent the panel case from moving in adirection of the movement of the lens case when the lens case moves. 6.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the lens moving assemblyincludes an actuator configured to move the plurality of lens members byrotation of a motor or solenoid drive.
 7. The electronic device of claim6, further comprising: an illuminance sensor configured to measureambient illuminance; and a controller configured to control the actuatorsuch that the variable lens member is adjusted to narrow the effectiveregion of image light if the ambient illuminance measured by theilluminance sensor is high, and the variable lens member is adjusted towiden the region where the image light reaches if the ambientilluminance measured by the illuminance sensor is low.
 8. The electronicdevice of claim 1, wherein the plurality of lens members are eachcomposed of any one of a refractive lens and a diffraction element. 9.The electronic device of claim 1, wherein the variable lens member is atunable lens including a liquid lens or an electro wetting lens having avariable refractive index.
 10. The electronic device of claim 1, whereinthe plurality of pin mirrors form a grid pattern, and intersecting bandregions among the grid pattern form a reflective region.
 11. Theelectronic device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of pin mirrors forma grid pattern, and regions inside a grid among the grid pattern form areflective region.
 12. The electronic device of claim 1, wherein theregion where the plurality of pin mirrors are provided and a maximumregion where the image light reaches by the variable lens membercoincide with each other.
 13. An electronic device comprising: anoptical driving assembly including an image source panel for emittingimage light; an optical element in which the emitted image light isincident on and totally reflected; a plurality of pin mirrorsdistributed in a region of the optical element and configured to extenda depth of field; and a variable lens member provided at one point of anoptical path before reaching the plurality of pin mirrors to vary aregion where the image light reaches among the region where theplurality of pin mirrors are provided, wherein the variable lens memberincludes: a plurality of lens members; and a lens moving assemblyconfigured to move the plurality of lens members such that each lensmember of the plurality of lens members is selectively positioned at afirst point on an optical path reaching the plurality of pin mirrorsfrom the image source panel.